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Steel production is an important industry that has a significant impact on our global economy. So how is steel made? What is the production process like?This article will help you answer the above questions. We invite you to learn with MRS Steel through the article below!How is steel made? Let's find out with MRS Steel through the section belowGet an overview of how steel is made?Today, steel is a widely used material in daily life and production. This shows the importance and role of steel in life. So how is steel made? Let's find out right below.What material is steel made of?Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon containing less than 2% carbon, less than 1% manganese, and other elements such as phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, and oxygen. Steel is currently commonly used in many different areas of life, but the most popular is construction, engineering, and industry.Today, the presence of this material can be seen everywhere in everyday life. Materials for building houses, making machinery and equipment, making fences, tables and chairs, agricultural tools,...Summary of the history of steel formationTo be able to answer the question, “How is steel made?” First, let's summarize, with MRS Steel, the history of the steel industry.Steel is known to have a history dating back thousands of years to ancient times. Iron was first discovered after it was smelted to create tools and weapons for life. With the widespread use of iron tools, production increased; however, during this period, steel production was still limited.To answer the question, how is steel made of? In the year 400 BC in India, steel was created by melting iron and charcoal; however, during this period, steel was produced in very small quantities. It wasn't until 1850 that a new turning point in the steel industry was marked when the Bessemer process was invented. Invented by Sir Henry Bessemer, this process allows air to be blown through molten iron to remove impurities, thereby producing steel that is more durable and malleable. Since then, steel has also been mass produced to serve daily life.Structure of the Bessemer steel making furnaceIn the 1970s, when the world economy entered the stage of modernization and industrialization, BOF (Basic Oxygen Furnace) and EAF (Electric Arc Furnace) steel making technology appeared to replace the Bessemer process, which was no longer suitable. The appearance of BOF and EAF technology has created a major turning point in the development of the steel industry, making it a key industry in the global economy. However, currently, to save energy and increase steel quality, BOF technology is being applied more commonly, accounting for about 70 - 75% of global steel production.Steel production using an EAF furnaceHow is steel made, step by step?The steel production process includes many closed stages, from input to finished product. Steel is the material used in most fields in today's industrialization era, so this process must be correct to get good products.In fact, the steel production process goes through all five stages. This process helps create quality products that meet the needs of construction work and various industries. And to learn more deeply about the question at the beginning of the article, how is steel made of? and the steel production process, let's learn about it below.Iron productionIron ore, carbon, and limestone are processed and put into furnaces to melt into molten metal or liquid iron.Steel productionLiquid iron from the furnace is put into the blowing furnace (BOF), or scrap steel is fed into the electric arc furnace (EAF), where impurities are removed and a chemical reaction is created to produce different types of steel.Continuous castingHere, steel will be solidified into semi-finished steel products, including square billet, bloom billet, and flat billet.Steel rolling Semi-finished products are sent to specific factories to create different steel products; square billets and flat billets will be raw materials for the long steel production process; the flat billet is rolled in a hot-rolled steel mill to become hot-rolled coil before being used to produce cold-rolled coil.Main productsFinished steel is processed to form final products for consumers.Flat billets are rolled in hot-rolled steel mills to become hot-rolled steel coilsMRS Steel - Vietnam's leading steel supplierMRS Steel is one of the trading units, specializing in exporting steel from steel manufacturers in Vietnam to other countries. Through many years of development, MRS Steel has always maintained its brand. We offer a wide range of products to the market, meeting the needs of most consumers and building trust and brand reputation in the market.With the goal of long-term development, MRS Steel always takes prestige as its development goal and wins the trust of customers. Therefore, more than 90% of customers return to place orders at MRS Steel.Above is the information to answer the question “How is steel made?” Hopefully, this information from MRS Steel will help you understand more about steel. If you need to buy steel products, please contact us.

Known as one of the key industries of the economy. Steel is not only highly applicable, but it is also a symbol of the progress of human civilization.Join MRS Steel to review some important information about steel so you can better understand this industry.Steel has very high applicability and is commonly used in many industries What is steel made of?What is steel made of? What is the structure of steel? This is a question many people wonder about. Steel is known as an alloy of iron and carbon, along with a number of other chemical elements (Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Ni, Mo, Mg, Cu,...), in which the carbon content is less than 2%. These chemical elements are flexibly adjusted to increase or decrease hardness, ductility, and oxidation resistance according to different types of steel. Because of this diversity, there are more than 3,000 types of steel in the world.Different types of steel will have different carbon ratios, the carbon content usually ranges from about 0.02% to 2.14%, depending on the weight. The higher the carbon ratio, the harder the steel is, but it is brittle and easy to break.Steel has very high applicability and is commonly used in many industries. At the same time, steel also symbolizes the speed of technological development in countries around the world, including Vietnam. Therefore, the steel manufacturing industry has always received special attention and investment from our government.Wire rod is used a lot in life todayCharacteristics and chemical composition of steel materialsWhat is steel? We have answered in the above section. Below, join MRS Steel to learn more about the properties and chemical composition of steel.Characteristics of steelDuring the steel making process, dividing the ratio of carbon and iron can create many types of steel with different properties. Therefore, steel refining will not only produce a product of the same type but also depend on the needs and purposes of the steel being refined.Normally, steel has basic properties such as plasticity, hardness, durability, resistance to oxidation, elasticity, and weldability. These properties of steel are determined by chemical elements such as carbon, iron, nitrogen, and sulfur.The ductility of steel depends on the carbon content of the steel. The increased carbon content results in a harder and stronger material with reduced ductility. Conversely, the low carbon in steel, the more flexible and malleable.Steel material has high mechanical properties and has many types with many different uses, so it is a material used in many different industries: mechanical manufacturing, construction, shipbuilding,... In general, the most important properties of steel are its corrosion resistance and high durability.Stainless steel is highly resistant to corrosionChemical composition of steel materialsWhat is steel made of? What chemical composition are steel materials? Let's learn about the chemical composition of steel with us below:Steel is an alloy, whose main components are iron and carbon. In addition, when producing, different elements will be added in certain proportions, thereby creating different types of steel depending on the intended use. Commonly added elements include manganese, phosphorus, silicon, chromium, nickel,... These elements are added to improve the quality, hardness and elasticity of steel.How is steel classified? Common types of steel in constructionHow is steel classified?What is steel of and what are its classifications? Steel is a material with extremely diverse classifications. Below, we will learn about some of the main classifications.Classification based on chemical compositionThis is an important classification because chemical composition is an important factor affecting the characteristics and properties of steel. Usually, they are divided into two main types: carbon steel and alloy steel.Carbon steel: Carbon steel is a type of steel whose main components are iron and carbon other elements are negligible. Although carbon steel only has two main elements, it can be prepared in countless ways with many uses by reducing the carbon content in the steel, depending on the purpose of use.Alloy steel: Alloy steel is a type of steel whose main components are iron and carbon combined with other chemical elements (copper, manganese, nickel,...), with a total content of additional elements ranging from 1.0% to 50% of total amount. Compounds are added to improve steel quality as well as elasticity, ductility, strength and oxidation resistance. Thanks to those alloying elements, alloy steel in general has outstanding advantages compared to carbon steel.Carbon steel pipeClassification by useDepending on different purposes, steel will be divided into:Structural steel: Usually has high durability, toughness, bearing capacity, and large load capacity and is specialized for production, manufacturing, and use in the construction, assembly, and machine manufacturing industries, as well as mechanical engineering.Tool steel: Usually has high hardness, durability, good strength, and corrosion resistance. It is specialized for making household equipment, measuring equipment, stamping dies, cutting and sharpening machines,...Steel has special physical properties: Some unique properties, such as magnetism, low elongation coefficient,... are very useful in some cases, such as creating electrical engineering steel.Steel has special chemical properties: We have types of steel such as heat-resistant steel, stainless steel,...Structural steel is used to make prefabricated steel buildingsClassified by quality factorsThis is a classification based on the percentage of impurities in steel. Steel, in addition to the main elements such as iron and carbon, also has other elements containing some impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus,... The lower the percentage of these impurities in steel, the better the quality of the steel.Classified according to antioxidant capacityDifferent proportions of elements lead to different antioxidant capacities. Therefore, people also classify steel based on this special ability. Based on this ability, steel is divided into three types: quiet steel, semi-silent steel, and boiling steel. In particular, quiet steel is completely oxidized, semi-silent steel will have an average oxidation level, and boiling steel will have a low oxidation level.Common types of steel in constructionSteel is widely used in the construction sector, serving housing projects, offices, factories, enterprises, bridges and roads, hydroelectric power, etc. This material has great bearing capacity and high reliability, easy to install. Currently, there are popular types of construction steel such as wire rod, galvanized steel pipes, rebar, and steel shapes.Wire rod: This is the most commonly used type of construction steel today in projects from civil to industrial. Steel comes in wire form, rolled, smooth or ribbed surface with common diameters: Ø6mm, Ø8mm, Ø10mm, Ø12mm, Ø14mm. Wire rod is often used in housing construction, civil and mechanical industries or machine manufacturing, factory structures or many other uses.Galvanized steel pipes: Construction projects use steel pipes such as round steel pipes, square steel pipes and rectangular steel pipes, in addition to oval steel pipes. With corrosion resistance, high durability, and good oxidation resistance, galvanized steel pipes are used for construction projects such as prefabricated steel buildings, scaffolding,... Especially suitable for outdoor projects because it is lower cost than stainless steel, bringing high economic efficiency.Rebar: Rebar, also known as reinforcing bar, is suitable for construction projects that require high bending strength, toughness, and elongation. The most common type of rebar is carbon steel, typically consisting of hot-rolled round bars with deformation patterns embossed into their surface. Rebar has good load-bearing properties and high durability, so it is often used to make reinforced concrete.Steel shapes: One of the most commonly used types of steel is steel shapes. Basic shapes of steel shapes include H, U, I, Z, C, L, and V-shaped steel. This type of steel is used to build townhouses, apartments, prefabricated steel buildings, and frames for factories,...Rebar is often used in constructionApplications of steel in lifeTo continue the answer, what steel is made of? What are its applications in life? We invite you to learn about MRS Steel through the section below.Application of steel in industryWith its sturdy structure and high durability, steel is now widely used in many different industries.Application in the oil and gas industryWith the characteristic of metal having high hardness as well as good abrasion resistance. Steel plays an important role in the oil and gas industry. Here, steel is often used to make drilling rigs and oil and gas-related projects. For oil pipes, they are usually made from stainless steel to ensure product quality inside.Types of steel commonly used include: Black steel pipes, hydraulic steel tubes, stainless steel,... Each type of steel pipe has its own applications and properties, suitable for specific goals and requirements. of projects in the oil and gas and processing industries.Application in the shipbuilding industrySteel is an indispensable material for the shipbuilding industry. Shipbuilding steel is usually carbon steel plates because this type of steel has very high durability and can withstand good pressure when used to make solid ship hulls. They not only have high hardness but also have good corrosion resistance when exposed to marine environments. Therefore, carbon steel plates are often used to produce many important parts on ships including hulls, decks, walls, and frames. In addition, carbon steel plates are also fireproof and waterproof, ensuring safety and reliability for ships in all operating conditions.Steel is used in the shipbuilding industryApplication in the machinery industrySteel materials are widely used in manufacturing many machine parts in many different fields, including industrial equipment, agricultural equipment, and daily life equipment Common types of steel used in these applications are usually carbon steel and alloy steel.Application in the automobile industryIn modern cars, most of the vehicle's weight comes from steel. The automobile manufacturing industry has used steel in the production process since the 1970s. Steel is widely used to make many different car parts, such as the chassis, engine base, door beams, roof, and many other details.Different parts on cars require different physical properties, which in turn require different types of steel. Some typical types of steel often used to produce cars include carbon steel, alloy steel, high-strength steel,...Application in the construction industrySteel has superior hardness and durability compared to other materials, which is why it is often used in construction, including:Housing construction: In housing construction, steel is often used mainly as reinforced concrete, used for roofing, prefabricated house frames, and important structures in housing construction, helping to create stability and safety for these works. Besides, steel is also used for interior decoration, making your home more comfortable and modern.Construction of public works: Steel is often used in the construction of public works such as bridges, roads, traffic tunnels, and other infrastructure projects. Steel ensures durability, safety, and abrasion resistance for these important projects.Construction of factories and manufacturing plants: In the construction of factories and manufacturing plants, steel is often used to create factory roof structures, walls, and factory frames.Common types of steel commonly used include construction steel, purlins, steel pipes, PPGI/PPGL, etc. Each type has its own properties and applications depending on the specific needs of the construction project. or production.Rebar is used to make reinforced concrete floorsApplication in daily lifeIn fact, steel is not only an indispensable material in construction but also has outstanding advantages when producing products in everyday life. In today's world, steel is often used to make household appliances (scissors, pots, pans,...) and furniture (tables and chairs, door handles, door frames, stairs, cabinets,...) Besides, steel is also used to manufacture details of equipment and machinery such as refrigerators, washing machines, televisions,...The kitchen sink is made of stainless steelIn short, using steel in our daily lives brings many significant benefits to us. However, to take full advantage of steel, we need to follow safety rules, perform regular maintenance, and choose a reliable supplier. Only when used properly and safely can we enjoy the benefits of steel products.MRS Steel - Comprehensive steel solutions for peace of mind and efficiencySteel has been an essential and important industry throughout human history. The steel industry is increasingly perfecting and innovating in technology, aiming to create steels with more outstanding properties and greater applicability in life.MRS Steel specializes in providing steel products with high durability from famous brands in Vietnam such as Hoa Phat, Ton Dong A, Tay Nam Steel,... Providing a full range of designs and sizes, different types with competitive prices, ensuring accurate quantity, and the fastest delivery time. To buy steel products from Vietnam, you can contact us directly at Whatsapp: +84 76 911 2358 or email vanloc@mrssteel.com.vn for advice, support, and answers to your questions.The article on MRS Steel told you what steel is made of? and basic information about steel. We will continuously update information about steel in the coming time. We invite you to read along.

The Bessemer steel process was first invented by the British scientist Henry Bessemer. His invention helped steel materials become popular and widely used in many industrial fields, becoming an indispensable part of human life.It is the first lever for future modern steelmaking processes, but not everyone clearly understands this steelmaking process. The article below by MRS Steel will help you better understand the Bessemer process.Bessemer Convertor at Kelham Island Museum, SheffieldWhat is the Bessemer process?Bessemer steel process is a method of steel production invented in the 19th century by an England inventor. This is a steel production method in which air is blown into a furnace at about 1250°C to burn off impurities and iron, thereby creating steel products. The Bessemer process is also named after its inventor and is the forerunner of today's modern steel production process.Before its launch, the Bessemer steel process conducted experiments for 2 years until the main idea was drawn. However, during the research process, many metallurgists were still skeptical about the theoretical foundations and were only truly convinced when they saw the process of converting iron into steel. The Bessemer process is shaped like an egg with an inner lining of clay and an outer layer of hardened steel, at the top of which there is a small hole to blow air into the furnace.Who invented the Bessemer steel process?The Bessemer process is an invention of Henry Bessemer’s. He was born in 1813 and passed away in 1898. During his lifetime, he had more than 100 inventions, the most prominent of which was the invention of the steelmaking method that bears his name, the Bessemer method.Henry Bessemer - Inventor of the Bessemer processAlthough this method is no longer used in steel production today, at the time of its invention, it was an important method for the industry because it lowered the cost of steel, thereby helping steel production. replace some other materials, especially for the manufacture of military weapons.History of the Bessemer steel processWhen was the Bessemer process invented? What is the history of this process? Find out with MRS Steel below!Henry Bessemer's interest stemmed from the scarcity of steel during the war in 1853. At that time, steel was only used to make small objects such as knives, scissors, springs, and similar things. At this time, Bessemer began to find a way to make steel from brittle iron that contained a significant amount of carbon. In his initial experiments, he used a reverberatory furnace capable of isolating iron metal from burning fuel; however, at this time, the furnace did not meet his needs.Bessemer redesigned the reactor to suit the needs of steel making. After countless experiments, he created the new egg-shaped Bessemer steel process with the ability to produce from 5 to 20 tons of steel at a time. Bessemer's steel making process was patented in 1855 and existed for more than 100 years before being replaced by today's modern steel making furnaces.The bessemer process is operated at the steel millThe Bessemer steel process is considered a breakthrough method in the field of steel production because it allows mass production of steel. Besides, it also promotes the rapid growth of the construction, transportation, and manufacturing industries. The availability of affordable steel played a key role in the construction of bridges and railways, paving the way for significant advances in industrialization and infrastructure.How does the Bessemer process work?With this discovery, other steelmakers began to perfect the process, eventually discovering how to use air blowing to help preserve carbon content while completely removing impurities. Ultimately, this process evolved into the highly economical mass production method of steel that we still use today.Bessemer steel process is considered an industrial process for mass steel production at low cost. Before developing into today's blast furnaces, the Bessemer process worked by adding iron to a molten cast iron mixture cooked at high temperatures. Air, then blown into the furnace along with the molten iron, provides oxygen to react with the impurities (these impurities include silicon, manganese, and carbon), turning them into oxides that can be separated as slag. The heat generated during the steelmaking process will increase the temperature to prevent the product from freezing during the heat treatment process. After finishing the heat treatment, the finished steel product has a high hardness and ductility.Structural diagram of the Bessemer processThe Bessemer process helped revolutionize the steel industryThe Bessemer steel process is considered a breakthrough method in the field of steel production. Previously, steel production was an expensive process, which limited its production and use. The Bessemer process opened new doors for the steel industry, providing the foundation for future steel production technologies.Bessemer steel process allows low-cost mass production of steel. It fueled the rapid growth of the construction, transportation, and manufacturing industries. The availability of steel at affordable prices played a pivotal role in the construction of bridges, railways, skyscrapers and machinery, changing the face of modern civilization.Surely, the above article by MRS Steel has helped you better understand the Bessemer steel process. Although, with the continuous development of the steel industry, the Bessemer process no longer has a place in the production of modern construction materials, it has laid the foundation for the development of the steel industry today.

Currently there are more than a thousand stainless steel grades but there are only 5 most common types today. Each grade owns numerous different varieties, each possessing unique properties regarding corrosion resistance and hardness.To better understand the characteristics, advantages, and common applications of different types of stainless steel, let's delve into detailed analysis with MRS Steel in the following article!There are thousands different types but there is only 5 most common stainless steel gradesWhat is stainless steel? Classify some popular stainless steel gradesStainless steel is an alloy containing at least 10.5% chromium and various other elements such as nickel, molybdenum, titanium, and sometimes even carbon. The combination of these alloys has created a strong crystalline structure in the steel that helps resist corrosion and rust, making them ideal for a wide range of applications, from daily household items to heavy industrial applications.Stainless steel has better resistance to wet and acidic environments compared to regular steel, making all stainless steel grades require less maintenance than other materials. Additionally, some types of stainless steel are designed to withstand high temperatures and resist corrosion from substances like steam, acids, and alkalis, ensuring durability and shine over time.Stainless steel contains of 10.5% chromium with nickel, molybdenum and some carbonAlthough all stainless steel types share a common basic crystal structure, experts often categorize them into various types to serve different usage conditions. The list of the five most commonly applied grades of stainless steel in today's industries includes austenitic, ferritic, duplex, and precipitation.Austenitic - the most frequently used types of stainless steelAustenitic is one of the most common stainless steel grades, characterized by a high chromium content ranging from approximately 16% to 26% and a significant nickel content ranging from about 6% to 22%. The unique stainless steel chemical composition type provides it with outstanding corrosion resistance, enabling it to retain its mechanical properties even in acidic and alkaline environments. This makes austenitic steel a preferred material in industries such as medical, food, chemical, and energy.Within the Austenitic stainless steel types, there are numerous smaller classifications, but 304 and 316 are two types of stainless steel grades that remain the most popular and widely used due to their superior properties, making them easily applicable in various environments at a relatively reasonable cost.Austenitic is one of the most common stainless steel grades with superior corrosion resistance304 stainless steel material properties and characteristicStainless steel type 304 boasts a high chromium content ranging from 18% to 20% and a nickel content of 10%, enabling it to resist corrosion effectively in moist environments or mild chemical solvents. While not the hardest product among stainless steel types, 304 makes highlight for its flexibility in fabrication processes such as cutting, welding, and bending.The 304 stainless steel grade is commonly found in various applications related to the mechanical and construction industries, ranging from manufacturing intricate components to assembling large structures. Additionally, it is easy to clean and maintain, facilitating the maintenance of its shiny appearance over time, making it a popular choice in the food industry and household appliances.316 stainless steel composition and featuresStainless steel 316 possesses a chromium content of 18% and a high nickel content of 14%, resulting in higher corrosion resistance compared to 304 stainless steel grades. Additionally, the 316 stainless steel contains a special component, Molybdenum, which plays a key role in enhancing corrosion resistance in saltwater environments.With the presence of molybdenum in its structure, stainless steel 316 can maintain its structure and stability in saltwater, acidic, and chemical environments. Therefore, it is commonly used in medical applications, the petroleum industry, maritime industry, and environments where durability is crucial for the longevity and performance of working components.Ferritic stainless steelWith a chromium content ranging from 11% to 27% and a stable ferritic content, this stainless steel is able to withstand oxidative corrosion factors. However, the corrosion resistance of Ferritic stainless steel grades is not as high as Austenitic steel due to the absence or very low presence of nickel in its composition.Ferritic have higher thermal conductivity compared to other types of stainless steelFerritic steel offers superior hardness compared to other types of stainless steel, and it also exhibits magnetic properties due to the ferritic crystal lattice structure in its composition. Ferritic alloys also have lower thermal expansion coefficients and higher thermal conductivity compared to other steel types, making them suitable choices for heat transfer applications such as cooking utensils, where effective heat conduction is important.Martensitic -  the high hardness grades of stainless steelMartensitic stainless steel is a suitable material for various industrial manufacturing applications due to its durability, with chromium content ranging from 11% to 18% and 1.2% carbon and nickel. Although its low nickel content affects its corrosion resistance compared to other stainless steel grades, the high carbon ratio creates a unique molecular structure, enhancing hardness and impact resistance.Martensitic is common for applications where hardness and strength are crucialSimilar to Austenitic steel, Martensitic stainless steel also has several common classifications, with grades like 410 and 420 being among the most widely used in applications.410 stainless steel types410 stainless steel is commonly used in applications related to kitchen utensils such as knife manufacturing. Additionally, it is crafted into cutting tools and machine parts, appearing in industries that demand high hardness and durability.With its martensitic structure, the steel exhibits high hardness and good load-bearing capacity. Although it lacks the corrosion resistance of other types of stainless steel like Austenitic, its chromium content is sufficient to form a protective oxide layer on the surface, shielding it from corrosive factors in normal environmental conditions.420 stainless steel characteristics and applicationsThe 420 stainless steel grades boasts a chromium content reaching 15%, along with a higher carbon level compared to 410 stainless steel. It is evident that this steel variant offers superior mechanical properties as it can meet requirements for strength and exhibit excellent corrosion resistance in various environments, even under harsh conditions. Based on these advantages, the 420 steel grade is not only utilized in manufacturing industries but also considered an ideal choice in the oil and chemical production sectors.Duplex - the best corrosion resistance types of stainless steelsDuplex stainless steel is the unique combination of two crystal structures, Austenitic and Ferritic, hence its microstructure is equally impacted by both phases, with each phase constituting approximately 50% of the overall structure. Therefore, it provides excellent corrosion resistance in various environments, including the corrosive radiation environment of salt and acidic conditions.Duplex are renowned for exceptional corrosion resistance in wide range of environmentsFurthermore, this combination also provides high hardness to Duplex steel without compromising its flexibility in design, allowing manufacturers to process it into various shapes and sizes as desired. Despite being the most advanced corrosion-resistant material among stainless steel types, Duplex steel often has lower manufacturing costs compared to common stainless steel grades like 304, 306, or 410.Precipitation - the most common types of stainless steel in aerospaceSimilar to the Duplex steel, Precipitation steel is a blend of two stainless steel alloys, Martensitic and Austenitic. The process of creating Precipitation steel involves complex heat treatment methods, where precipitate particles formed during the heat treatment process are the determining factor for its mechanical properties.With high tensile strength capability, Precipitation is used in the aerospace industriesOne of the outstanding advantages of this steel type is its ability to achieve tensile strength ranging from 850 MPa to 1700 MPa. Because of its high tensile strength capability, Precipitation stainless steel is commonly used in the aerospace and space industries. Specifically, aircraft and spacecraft components often require resilience to pressure, oscillation in harsh environmental conditions, so the use of this type of steel ensures safety as well as maximum performance for the equipment.MRS Steel - The leading stainless steel supplier for your inquiriesIn summary, each type of stainless steel has its strengths and characteristic properties, ranging from corrosion resistance, high durability to flexibility in processing and manufacturing, and each type has its own applications in various industries. Currently, Vietnam is emerging as a potential destination in the steel industry due to the rapid development of manufacturing capabilities of factories here as well as the ability to meet diverse product requirements, including stainless steel.Additionally, Vietnam benefits from preferential import taxes under trade policies such as the CPTPP and EVFTA. These agreements not only offer advantages in terms of customs duties but also facilitate simplification of purchasing procedures between importers and exporters.Finding a partner which optimize the process of finding factories is necessary for steel importerDue to the advantages and potential of the steel industry in Vietnam, finding a reliable and professional partner in providing steel solutions is extremely important and necessary. An experienced and reputable partner will streamline legal procedures, optimize the process of finding factories and selecting products, thereby ensuring the best performance and quality for your project.For any inquiries about stainless steel grades or other steel products, please contact MRS Steel for free consultation via Whatsapp: +84 76 911 2358 or Email: vanloc@mrssteel.com.vn.

Each type of steel produced is labeled with a steel label. However, on the market today, there are too many steel grades, and they can easily confuse consumers when choosing.So what are steel grades? Why is it necessary to attach steel labels to construction steel materials? How many types of steel are being used on the market? Follow the article with MRS Steel to learn more about what steel grades!The most commonly used steel grades today compressedLearn about steel gradesWhat are steel grades?In construction materials, we will often see specialized terminology and symbols printed on steel. That is the steel grades; the main meaning is to fully express the bearing strength of each different type of steel. It indicates whether the steel product has the ability to withstand large or small forces.Steel grades are often denoted by a letter and one or two numbers, in which the letters represent the main chemical composition of the steel and the numbers represent the tensile strength of the steel.For engineers specializing in construction or agents and distributors of construction materials, it is very easy to recognize different steel grade types. As well as understanding the steel marking symbols of each material line better than ordinary consumers.So what is the category of steel grades? Continue reading below to understand more information about steel grades!Symbol of carbon steel gradesClassification of steel gradesFirst, they can be classified according to their chemical composition, including the content of carbon and other alloying elements. For example, there are types such as carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, and tool steel.Second, the classification of steel grades can be based on the finishing method, such as hot-rolled coil, cold-rolled coil,...Third, it can also be classified based on the production method, including types such as production by EAF furnace, BOF furnace,..Fourth, crystal structure is also an important criterion when determining steel grades, with types such as ferritic steel, perlite steel, and martensite steel.Finally, mechanical strength also plays an important role in steel grade classification, with properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, curvature, and weld strength being closely considered.Standards for steel grades and how to read steel gradesStandards for steel gradesSteel grade production also requires its own standards, with each production standard having different steel grade types. Below, MRS Steel would like to share some popular standards for steel grades on the market today.Steel grade according to Vietnamese standards - TCVNTCVN is the most commonly applied standard in the steel manufacturing industry. Among them, there are 4 common standards: TCVN 1651-1:2008, TCVN 1811_2009 (ISO 14284-1996), TCVN 6287_1997, and TCVN 7937-1-2013. For each different type of steel, there will be different standards, specifically:TCVN 1651-1:2018 for plain round steel barTCVN 1651-2:2018 for rebar steelTCVN 1651-3:2008 for welded wire mesh rolls and panelsTCVN 1811:2009 for steel and cast ironTCVN 6287:1997 for steel bars for concrete reinforcementTCVN 7937-1:2013 for steel for prestressed concrete reinforcementVNSteel's steel is produced according to TCVN standardsSteel grade according to Japanese standards - JISJIS stands for Japanese Industrial Standards. This standard was developed by the Japan Standards Federation. Besides the 5S standards, JIS represents professionalism in manufacturing and production. It has contributed in no small part to the most reliable and prestigious international standard system today.The general symbol of JIS Japanese standard products is JIS Gxxxx. In particular, JIS is the symbol name of the JIS industrial standard. G is the letter representing the steel industry, xxxx is the symbol for each specific item.Steel grade according to Russian standardsAlso similar to Vietnamese standards in designation, steel grades in Russian standards are abbreviated as CT, followed by numbers from 0 to 6. These numbers represent the chemical and mechanical properties of the steel. When the number of symbols is large, it shows that the proportion of carbon in the alloy is higher, and therefore the strength of the steel is greater. For low-carbon steel, less than 0.15%, it will be denoted CT0.To classify steel grades according to Russian standards. The corresponding numbers are often found at the end of the steel grade. Level 1 is not recorded. In front of the steel grade, write the corresponding steel groups A, B, and C.Steel grade according to American standards - ASTMIn American standards, the process of coding and determining the properties of metal materials is extremely strict, especially steel. This standard, which requires the use of many complex steel grading systems, makes an important contribution to defining their quality and application in many industrial sectors.ASTM is a standard issued by the American Society for Testing and Materials. It is considered a tool to evaluate, specify, and classify the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical properties of each type of steel. The scope of application is in the production of mechanical parts, industrial parts, construction elements, and accessories related to them.Steel labeled with the ASTM standard means that the steel meets exactly the criteria specified in the standard. Some popular ASTM steel grades today are: A29, A27, A36, A53, A304, A355, A392, A400, A575, A689, A914, and A920.Hoa Phat's construction steel grade symbolHow to read steel gradesYou already understand the symbols of steel grades, so how to read steel grades can also be found below.Steel round barFor round steel, steel grades are often denoted with both letters and numbers. Lowercase letters represent typical symbols of national standards, and the numbers behind them represent the bearing strength of the steel. This notation depends on the standards of the factory that produced the steel.If that factory uses Japanese standards for production, it will be denoted SD, in which S stands for steel and D stands for deform. If using a mark according to Vietnamese standards for production, the symbol is CB, with C standing for durability level, and B is the symbol of the steel group. If that factory uses standards from the US or Europe, the symbol is usually grade, where grade means type.For steel plates, shaped steel and steel hollow sectionFor this type of steel, there will usually be no symbols on the steel product. That steel grade will come with paperwork, or we will have to cut a sample for testing to know how much that steel grade is worth.In particular, steel hollow sections are one of the most commonly used steel materials today. Therefore, memorizing steel grades is one of the most accurate and effective ways to choose steel hollow sections for you. This will help your purchasing and use of construction steel be effective and of the best quality.Galvanized steel pipes often have steel grades printed on the stamp of the steel bundleA chart of steel grades commonly used todayDepending on different types of construction projects, different grades of steel chart will be used. Mastering the types of steel and steel grades helps owners save time and effort in the selection stage. Below are the current popular construction grades of steel charts you can use to apply to your project.Steel bars for concrete reinforcement Standard Grade Chemical Composition CSiMnP (max)S (max)   TCVN1651 - 85(1765 - 85)CT330.06-0.120.12-0.300.25-0.500.040.045CT340.09-0.150.12-0.300.25-0.500.040.045CT380.14-0.220.12-0.300.40-0.650.040.045CT420.18-0.270.12-0.300.40-0.700.040.045CT510.28-0.370.15-0.350.50-0.800.040.045TCVN 3104 - 7925Mn2Si0.20-0.290.60-0.901.20-1.600.040.04535MnSi0.30-0.370.60-0.800.80-1.200.040.045JIS G35052004 SWRW100.13 max0.30 max0.06 max0.040.04SWRW120.15 max0.30 max0.065 max0.040.04JISG 3112SD 295A   0.050.05SD 3450.27 max0.55 max1.60 max0.040.04SD 3900.29 max0.55 max1.80 max0.040.04SD 4900.32 max0.55 max1.80 max0.0040.004ASTM A615/A615M - 94Gr 400.21 max0.40 max0.35 max0.040.05Gr 600.30 max0.50 max0.50 max0.040.05 BS 4449Gr 2500.25 max0.50 max1.50 max0.060.06Gr 4600.25 max0.50 max1.50 max0.050.05ГOCТ5780 - 82 25Г2C0.20-0.290.60-0.901.20-1.600.040.04535ГC0.30-0.370.60-0.800.80-1.200.040.045ГOCТ380 - 71CΤ20.09-0.150.12-0.300.25-0.050.0450.045CΤ30.14-0.220.12-0.300.40-0.600.0450.045CΤ40.18-0.270.12-0.300.40-0.700.0450.045CΤ50.29-0.370.15-0.350.50-0.800.0450.045 Rolled steel for general structureTCVN1765 - 85(1765 - 85 )CT330.06 - 0.120.12 - 0.300.25 - 0.500.040.045CT340.09 - 0.150.12 - 0.300.25 - 0.500.040.045CT380.14 - 0.220.12 - 0.300.40 - 0.650.040.045CT420.18 - 0.270.12 - 0.300.40 - 0.700.040.045CT510.28 - 0.370.15 - 0.350.50 - 0.800.040.045JIS 31011995SS 330   0.050.05SS 4000.20 max0.55 max1.60 max0.050.05SS 490   0.050.05SS 5400.30 max 1.60 max0.040.04    JIS G31061995 SM400 A0.23 max-2.5xC min0.0350.035SM400 B0.20 max0.350.60-1.400.0350.035SM490 A0.20 max0.551.6 max0.0350.035SM490 B0.18 max0.551.6 max0.0350.035SM490 YA0.20 max0.551.6 max0.0350.035SM490 YB0.20 max0.551.6 max0.0350.035ΓOCT380 - 71CT20.09 - 0.150.12 - 0.300.25 - 0.500.0450.045CT30.14 - 0.220.12 - 0.300.40 - 0.600.0450.045CT40.18 - 0.270.12 - 0.300.40 - 0.700.0450.045CT50.29 - 0.370.15 - 0.350.50 - 0.800.0450.045ASTM 1997A360.26 max0.40 max1.60 max0.040.05A572 Gr420.21 max0.40 max1.35 max0.040.05A572 Gr500.23 max0.40 max1.35 max0.040.05BS 4360198640B0.20max0.50max1.50max0.0500.05040C0.18max0.50max1.50max0.0500.05043A0.25max0.50max1.6max0.0500.05043B0.21max0.50max1.50max0.0500.05043C0.18max0.50max1.50max0.0500.05050A0.23max0.50max1.6max0.0500.05050B0.20max0.50max1.50max0.0500.05050C0.20max0.50max1.50max0.0500.050DIN 17100RST37-20.17max--0.0500.050ST44-20.21max--0.0500.050GB700 - 88Q235A0.14 - 0.22 0.30 max0.30 -0.650.0450.05Q235B0.12 - 0.200.30 max0.30 -0.700.0450.045 Q235C0.18 max0.30 max0.35 -0.800.040.04Q235D0.17 max0.30 max0.35 -0.800.0350.035GB/T1591 - 94 Q3450.20 max0.55 max1.00 -1.600.0450.045 Sheet piles JIS A55281998SY 2950.22 max0.50 max1.60 max0.040.04SY 3900.22 max0.50 max1.60 max0.040.04 The latest construction steel grade chart lookup table is available todayWhat type of steel should you choose to build houses and buildings?It is difficult for users to choose when there are so many different grades of steel. So what factors do users base their choice of steel grades on for projects? Below, join MRS Steel to learn how to choose the right steel grade for the project.For residential buildings or small projects with a height of less than 7 floors, just use a low-strength steel grade of CB300 or SD295. These two types of steel have equivalent strengths.Steel grade CB300 is used for small construction projectsFor large buildings and projects over 7 floors high, it is recommended to use a higher-strength steel grade, such as CB400 or SD390. Even higher-strength steel can be used, such as CB500 or SD490.However, choosing the type of steel depends greatly on the design of the project, so for each different item, we may need different types of steel.MRS Steel - Steel supplier with quality steel gradesWhen it comes to construction or manufacturing, steel quality plays an important role in ensuring the safety and durability of the project. Therefore, to avoid choosing the wrong type of floating, poor-quality steel, the best way is to buy steel produced by reputable brands. On the other hand, choosing branded steel also ensures you buy at the right price and quality commensurate with the cost.Currently, MRS Steel is one of the steel suppliers with quality steel grades that meet international standards. With a team of experienced and creative staff, we are determined to carry out our mission of providing customers with good-quality products, good prices, and quick response times, bringing many benefits to customers. If you need to buy steel from brands such as Hoa Phat, Formosa, Pomina, TVP,.. please contact us. In the above article, MRS Steel has brought you useful information about steel grades and common types of steel grades today. Follow MRS Steel for more necessary information about the steel industry.

Mild steel is a well-known type of steel in machining and manufacturing fields due to its ductile nature and excellent corrosion resistance. Tensile strength of mild steel is one of the most important specifications to comprehensively analyze its power. Moreover,  manufacturers often rely on yield strength, and elongation percentage to evaluate quality and performance.So, what significance does the mild steel tensile strength hold in demonstrating the power of this type of steel? Let's define the concepts in the following article together with MRS Steel!The tensile strength of mild steel is the crucial technical parameter determining hardnessWhat is mild steel and some important applicationsMild steel is a type of low-carbon carbon steel with typically less than 0.25% carbon content, primarily composed of iron and carbon along with residual compounds including alloying elements such as manganese, silicon, and sulfur. The combination of these elements has helped enhance mechanical properties through a balance of tensile strength and yield strength in mild steel.Today, mild steel finds extensive usage across various industries including construction, automotive manufacturing, machining, household appliance production, and numerous other applications. Due to its low carbon content, mild steel is highly versatile in cutting, welding, or machining activities, making it the most commonly used type of steel in manufacturing and fabrication.Definition and role about tensile strength of mild steelThe tensile strength in mild steel is a parameter reflecting the maximum load-bearing capacity of the steel without fracturing, although the steel product will undergo permanent deformation due to the extremely large applied force. To evaluate the tensile strength of mild steel, a gradually increasing force is typically applied to both ends of the steel sample until it fractures or breaks. At the point where the applied force reaches a certain value causing the steel product to fracture, manufacturers record the tensile strength of the steel at this point.Tensile strength is the value that records the force required to fracture steelThe results are measured in pressure units, usually pounds per square inch (psi) or megapascals (MPa). High tensile strength is often associated with good tensile load-bearing capacity, making the steel suitable for applications requiring strength and high durability.Analyze technical specifications about tensile strength of mild steelEvaluating the mild steel tensile strength is highly important, as it is a determining factor in assessing whether the hardness of mild steel is suitable for the application requirements. For applications requiring flexibility in processing, selecting mild steel with appropriate tensile strength is crucial to ensure efficiency in achieving the desired goals.The greater the tensile strength, the higher the hardness of the steel, because mild steel is relatively ductile compared to other carbon steels, so the tensile strength of this type of steel usually ranges around 400 MPa. In addition to being measured in MPa, the unit of measurement for the mild steel tensile strength can also be expressed in various other units such as Newtons. In Newtons, approximately 485N/mm of force would be required to fracture this steel bar, equivalent to placing a mass of 4200 kg per cm on an object.If the steel have high tensile strength meaning it has a good hardnessAnother important index related to tensile strength is the term "ultimate strength of mild steel," which typically refers to the maximum tensile strength of mild steel, meaning the maximum tension it can withstand before failure or fracture. For mild steel, the ultimate tensile strength usually ranges from about 400 MPa (58,000 psi) to 550 MPa (80,000 psi). Ultimate strength is often a crucial indicator in evaluating the maximum load-bearing capacity of mild steel to determine safety in various applications.Others properties affecting to mild steel hardnessIn addition to tensile strength, manufacturers also rely on several other important indices to create a comprehensive assessment of the strength of mild steel, including yield strength, elongation ratio, mild steel density, and ultimate strength of mild steel.Mild steel yield point/yield stressThe mild steel yield point is the maximum force that the steel can withstand before it begins to undergo permanent deformation. To determine the yield stress of mild steel, manufacturers apply force to both ends of the steel until it reaches a certain value sufficient to cause the steel to begin deforming without being able to return to its original shape. At this point of onset, they record the yield strength value to serve the assessment of the load-bearing capacity and mild steel hardness.By definition, the yield strength index of mild steel will be lower than the tensile strength of mild steel because the force applied to the steel is only sufficient to cause deformation without reaching the breaking point. According to various measurement documents, the average yield strength of mild steel is typically recorded around 250 MPa, which, when converted to Newton units, is approximately 345 N/mm². This means that to induce permanent deformation in a mild steel sample, a pulling force of about 345N is required.Beside the tensile strength, manufacturers can rely on yield stress to evaluate power of steelMild steel elongationMild steel elongation is a measurement of the ability of mild steel to stretch from the point of initial deformation until it completely fractures, often expressed as a percentage ratio. By formula, mild steel elongation is calculated as the ratio between the tensile strength and the yield strength of mild steel.When evaluating the ductility of mild steel, a higher percentage elongation indicates higher ductility, as the elongation value is directly proportional to the tensile strength, demonstrating that a considerable force is required to fracture the steel. Since mild steel falls into the category of steel with relatively low carbon content, mild steel elongation typically reaches a minimum of 20%. This ideal ratio has made mild steel suitable for various manufacturing and fabrication applications.Mild steel densitySteel density is a measurement of the mass of the material per unit volume, often expressed in units such as g/cm or kg/m. Mild steel, due to its low carbon content of about 0.25%, typically has a density ranging from 7.75 to 8.05 g/cm³. However, specific values may vary depending on the specific chemical composition of mild steel and other factors such as manufacturing processes.MRS Steel - The reputable mild steel supplier for your projectIn summary, the tensile strength of mild steel is an extremely important indicator that helps manufacturers and contractors assess the mechanical properties and load-bearing capacity of this material. When combined with other indices such as mild steel yield point, elongation ratio, and ultimate strength of mild steel, manufacturers as well as project owners can evaluate and select suitable materials for specific applications. Analyzing steel specifications is crucial for purchasers before transacting steelSimilarly, choosing a reputable steel supplier is equally important in quality control and ensuring that the technical specifications of the steel meet the project requirements. With years of experience in the steel industry and extensive relationships with Vietnamese steel mills, MRS Steel can provide optimal solutions in terms of both time and cost for customers, especially for importers. Our supply of mild steel products comes from clearly identified sources, meeting strict standards for tensile strength, yield strength, coating thickness, and more.If you need to reference comprehensive price lists and mechanical properties charts including tensile strength of mild steel and other steel products, please MRS Steel via Email: vanloc@mrssteel.com.vn or Whatsapp:+84 76 911 2358!